SQL HAVING 子句
HAVING 子句
在 SQL 中增加 HAVING 子句原因是,WHERE 關(guān)鍵字無法與 Aggregate 函數(shù)一起使用。
SQL HAVING 語法
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value;
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value;
演示數(shù)據(jù)庫
在本教程中,我們將使用眾所周知的 Northwind 樣本數(shù)據(jù)庫。
下面是選自 "Orders" 表的數(shù)據(jù):
OrderID | CustomerID | EmployeeID | OrderDate | ShipperID |
---|---|---|---|---|
10248 | 90 | 5 | 1996-07-04 | 3 |
10249 | 81 | 6 | 1996-07-05 | 1 |
10250 | 34 | 4 | 1996-07-08 | 2 |
選自 "Employees" 表的數(shù)據(jù):
EmployeeID | LastName | FirstName | BirthDate | Photo | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Davolio | Nancy | 1968-12-08 | EmpID1.pic | Education includes a BA.... |
2 | Fuller | Andrew | 1952-02-19 | EmpID2.pic | Andrew received his BTS.... |
3 | Leverling | Janet | 1963-08-30 | EmpID3.pic | Janet has a BS degree.... |
SQL HAVING 實例
現(xiàn)在我們想要查找訂單總數(shù)少于 2000 的客戶。
我們使用下面的 SQL 語句:
下面的 SQL 語句查找注冊超過 10 個訂單的員工:
實例
SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM
(Orders
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID)
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 10;
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID)
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 10;
現(xiàn)在我們想喲啊查找員工 "Davolio" 或 "Fuller" 是否擁有超過 25 個訂單。
我們在 SQL 語句中增加一個普通的 WHERE 子句:
實例
SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM
Orders
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID
WHERE LastName='Davolio' OR LastName='Fuller'
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 25;
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID
WHERE LastName='Davolio' OR LastName='Fuller'
GROUP BY LastName
HAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 25;