Zend Framework教程-Zend_Helpers-動作助手-ViewRenderer

MVC結構中視圖層和控制器的解耦，以及渲染。往往是重復或者冗余的工作。如果一個完善的框架，對MVC的使用，必定會對這些操作進行合理的設計。讓開發者更專注內容而不是控制邏輯結構本身。在ZendFramework中，主要是通過動作助手ViewRenderer來完成這個操作的。ViewRenderer 自動的完成在控制器內建立視圖對象并渲染視圖的過程；

ViewRenderer

介紹
視圖解析(ViewRenderer)助手為實現下列目標設計： 

• 不需要在控制器內創建視圖對象實例；視圖對象將在控制器內自動注冊。 
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• 根據當前的模塊自動地設置視圖腳本、助手、過濾器路徑。指派當前的模塊名為助手和過濾器類的類名前綴。 
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• 為所有分發的控制器和動作創建全局有效的視圖對象。 
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• 允許開發人員為所有控制器設置默認的視圖解析選項。 
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• 加入無需干預自動解析試圖腳本的功能。 
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• 允許開發人員為視圖基路徑和視圖腳本路徑創建自己的規范。 

Note: 如果手動執行_forward()、redirect、或者render時，不會發生自動解析。因為執行這些動作時，等于告訴ViewRenderer，你要自己確定輸出結果。 

Note: ViewRenderer助手默認啟用。

你可以通過前端控制器的noViewRenderer方法、設定參數($front->setParam('noViewRenderer', true))或者從助手經紀人棧(helper broker stack)中移除助手(Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::removeHelper('viewRenderer'))等方式禁用該助手。 

如希望在分發前端控制器前修改ViewRenderer設定，可采用下面的兩種方法： 

創建實例并注冊自己的ViewRenderer對象，然后傳入到助手經紀人。 

$viewRenderer = new Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer();$viewRenderer->setView($view)             ->setViewSuffix('php');Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::addHelper($viewRenderer);                    通過助手經紀人即時的初始化并/或獲取ViewRenderer對象。 $viewRenderer = Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::getStaticHelper('viewRenderer');$viewRenderer->setView($view)             ->setViewSuffix('php');

                    
API
大多數使用中，只需要簡單的創建 ViewRenderer對象，然后傳入到動作助手經紀人。創建實例并注冊的最簡單方式是使用助手經紀人的getStaticHelper()方法： 


Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::getStaticHelper('viewRenderer');


        動作控制器第一次實例化時，會觸發ViewRenderer創建一個視圖對象。動作控制器每次實例化都會調用ViewRenderer的init()方法，設定動作控制器的視圖屬性，并以相對于當前模塊的路徑為參數調用addScriptPath()方法；調用時帶有以當前模塊命名的類前綴參數，該參數對為該模塊定義的所有助手和過濾器類都有效。(this will be called with a class prefix named after the current module, effectively namespacing all helper and filter classes you define for the module. ) 


每次執行postDispatch()方法，它將為當前動作執行render()方法。 


例如這個類： 

// A controller class, foo module:class Foo_BarController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    // Render bar/index.phtml by default; no action required    public function indexAction()    {    }    // Render bar/populate.phtml with variable 'foo' set to 'bar'.    // Since view object defined at preDispatch(), it's already available.    public function populateAction()    {        $this->view->foo = 'bar';    }}...// in one of your view scripts:$this->foo(); // call Foo_View_Helper_Foo::foo()

 ViewRenderer也定義了大量的訪問器用來設定和獲取視圖選項。 

setView($view)可以為ViewRenderer設定視圖對象。以公共類屬性$view獲取設定值。 


setNeverRender($flag = true)可以全局的啟用或禁用自動解析，也就是對所有控制器都有效。如果設定為true，在所有控制器器內，postDispatch()將不會自動調用render()。getNeverRender()返回當前的設定值。 


setNoRender($flag = true) 用來啟用或禁用自動解析，如果設置為true，在當前控制器內，postDispatch()不會調用render()方法。這個設定在preDispatch()每次執行時會被重置。getNoRender()返回當前的設定值。 


setNoController($flag = true)通知render()不要再到以控制器命名的子目錄中尋找視圖腳本。getNoController()返回當前值。 


setNeverController($flag = true)與setNoController($flag = true)相似，但是其在全局范圍內有效――也就是說，它不會在每次分發動作時重置。getNeverController()返回當前值。 


setScriptAction($name)用來指定解析的視圖腳本。$name是腳本的名字去掉后綴(不帶控制器子目錄，除非noController已開啟)。如果沒有指定，它將尋找以請求對象中的動作命名的視圖腳本。getScriptAction()返回當前值。 


setResponseSegment($name)用來指定解析到響應對象中的哪個命名片段。如果沒有指定，解析到默認片斷。getResponseSegment()返回當前值。 


initView($path, $prefix, $options)可以指定視圖的基路徑，為助手和過濾器腳本設置類前綴，設定ViewRenderer選項。可以傳入以下任意的標志：neverRender，noRender，noController， scriptAction，和responseSegment。 


setRender($action = null, $name = null, $noController = false)可以一次設定scriptAction、responseSegment和noController。 direct()是它的別名，使得控制器中可以方便的調用。 

// Render 'foo' instead of current action script$this->_helper->viewRenderer('foo');// render form.phtml to the 'html' response segment, without using a// controller view script subdirectory:$this->_helper->viewRenderer('form', 'html', true);

    Note: setRender() 和 direct()并不會實際解析視圖腳本，而是提示postDispatch()和postDispatch()解析視圖。 




構造函數允許可選的傳入參數視圖對象和ViewRenderer選項，接受與initView()一樣的標志(flags)： 

$view    = new Zend_View(array('encoding' => 'UTF-8'));$options = array('noController' => true, 'neverRender' => true);$viewRenderer =    new Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer($view, $options);

        還有幾個額外的方法用來定制路徑規則，供確定視圖基路徑來增加視圖對象，確定視圖腳本路徑查找并解析視圖腳本時使用。這些方法每個都帶有下面一個或更多的占位符(placehodlers)。 

:moduleDir 引用當前模塊的基目錄（常規的是模塊的控制器目錄的父目錄）。 

:module 引用當前的模塊名。 

:controller 引用當前的控制器名。 

:action引用當前的模塊名。 

:suffix 引用當前的視圖腳本后綴（可以通過setViewSuffix()來設置）。 

控制器路徑規則有關的方法: 


setViewBasePathSpec($spec)可以改變確定加入到視圖對象的基路徑的路徑規則。默認規則是:moduleDir/views。任何時候都可以使用getViewBasePathSpec()獲取當前的規則。 

setViewScriptPathSpec($spec)允許改變確定到達單獨的視圖腳本路徑(去除試圖腳本基路徑)的路徑規則。默認的路徑規則是 :controller/:action.:suffix。任何時候都可以通過getViewScriptPathSpec()獲取當前規則。 

setViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec($spec)允許改變 noController有效時確定到達單獨的視圖腳本路徑(去除試圖腳本基路徑)的路徑規則。默認的規則是:action.:suffix，任何時候都可以通過getViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec()獲取當前規則。 

為在路徑規范之上精心設計的控制，可以使用Zend_Filter_Inflector。深入地，視圖解析器（ViewRenderer）已經使用inflector來執行路徑映射。為和inflector互動 － 或者設置你自己的或者修改缺省的inflector，下面的方法可以被使用： 


getInflector() 將獲取inflector。如果在視圖解析器中不存在， 它用缺省的規則創建一個。

缺省地，它用靜態規則引用和靜態目標做為后綴和模塊目錄；這允許不同的視圖解析器具備動態修改inflector能力的屬性。 

setInflector($inflector, $reference) 允許設置定制的inflector和視圖解析器一起使用。如果$reference 是true，它將設置后綴和模塊目錄作為靜態引用和目標給視圖解析器 屬性。 

Note: 缺省查找約定（Conventions）
視圖解析器做了一些路徑標準化使視圖腳本查找更容易。缺省規則如下： 
 

• :module: 混合詞和駝峰詞被短橫線分開，并整個串變成小寫。例如："FooBarBaz" 變成 "foo-bar-baz"。 

在內部，變形器（inflector） 使用過濾器Zend_Filter_Word_CamelCaseToDash 和 Zend_Filter_StringToLower。 

• :controller: 混合詞和駝峰詞被短橫線分開；下劃線轉換成目錄分隔符，并且整個串變小寫。例如："FooBar" becomes "foo-bar"; "FooBar_Admin" 變成 "foo-bar/admin". 

在內部，inflector 使用過濾器Zend_Filter_Word_CamelCaseToDash、Zend_Filter_Word_UnderscoreToSeparator 和 Zend_Filter_StringToLower。 

• :action: 混合詞和駝峰詞被短橫線分開；非字母數字字符翻譯成短橫線，并且整個串變成小寫。 例如 "fooBar" 變成 "foo-bar"； "foo-barBaz" 變成 "foo-bar-baz"。 

在內部，inflector 使用過濾器 Zend_Filter_Word_CamelCaseToDash、Zend_Filter_PregReplace 和 Zend_Filter_StringToLower。 

視圖解析器 API中的最后一項是關于實際確定視圖腳本路徑和解析視圖的。包括： 

renderScript($script, $name)允許解析指定路徑的腳本，可選的命名的路徑片段。(renderScript($script, $name) allows you to render a script with a path you specify, optionally to a named path segment. )使用該方法時，ViewRenderer不會自動的確定腳本名稱，而是直接的向視圖對象的render()傳入$script參數。


Note: 當視圖已經被解析到響應對象，將會設置noRender阻止相同的腳本被多次解析。 

Note: 默認的，Zend_Controller_Action::renderScript()代理ViewRenderer的renderScript()方法。 


getViewScript($action, $vars)基于傳入的動作和/或$vars中的變量創建到視圖腳本的路徑。該數組中的鍵可以包含所有的路徑指定鍵('moduleDir','module', 'controller', 'action', and 'suffix')。傳入的任何變量都會優先使用，否則利用基于當前請求的值。 

getViewScript()根據noController標志的設定值使用viewScriptPathSpec或者viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec。 

模塊、控制器以及動作中的單詞定界符將后替換成短線('-')。因此，控制器名稱'foo.bar'和動作'baz:bat'按照默認的路徑規則將會得到視圖腳本路徑'foo-bar/baz-bat.phtml'。 

Note: 默認的，Zend_Controller_Action::getViewScript()代理ViewRenderer的getViewScript()方法。

render($action, $name, $noController)首先檢查$name或 $noController參數是否傳入，如果傳入，則在ViewRenderer中設定相應的標志(分別是響應片段和noController)。然后傳入$action參數到getViewScript()，最后傳入計算的試圖腳本路徑到renderScript()。 

Note: 注意使用render()的邊際效應：傳入的響應片段名稱和noController標志在視圖對象中存留。此外解析結束后noRender會被設置。 

Note: 默認的，Zend_Controller_Action::render()代理 ViewRenderer的render()方法。 



renderBySpec($action, $vars, $name)允許傳入路徑規則變量以確定創建的視圖腳本路徑。它把$action和$vars傳入到getScriptPath()，將腳本路徑結果和$name傳入到renderScript()。 


基礎用法示例
Example #9 基本用法


大多數基礎使用中，只需在bootstrap中使用助手經紀人簡單的初始化和注冊ViewRenderer 助手，然后在動作方法中設置變量。 

// In your bootstrap:Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::getStaticHelper('viewRenderer');...// 'foo' module, 'bar' controller:class Foo_BarController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    // Render bar/index.phtml by default; no action required    public function indexAction()    {    }    // Render bar/populate.phtml with variable 'foo' set to 'bar'.    // Since view object defined at preDispatch(), it's already available.    public function populateAction()    {        $this->view->foo = 'bar';    }    // Renders nothing as it forwards to another action; the new action    // will perform any rendering    public function bazAction()    {        $this->_forward('index');    }    // Renders nothing as it redirects to another location    public function batAction()    {        $this->_redirect('/index');    }}

            Note: 命名規則：控制器和動作名中的單詞定界符
如果控制器或者動作名稱由幾個單詞組成，分發器要求在URL中使用特定的路徑和單詞定界符分隔。ViewRenderer創建路徑時將控制器名稱中的任何路徑定界符替換成實際的路徑定界符('/')，任何單詞定界符替換成短線('-')。對動作/foo.bar/baz.bat的調用將分發到FooBarController.php中的FooBarController::bazBatAction()，然后解析foo-bar/baz-bat.phtml；對動作/bar_baz/baz-bat的調用將分發到Bar/BazController.php中的Bar_BazController::bazBatAction()，并解析bar/baz/baz-bat.phtml。 
注意到在第二個例子中，模塊依然是默認的模塊，但由于路徑分隔符的存在，控制器的接收到的名字為Bar_BazController，該類在文件Bar/BazController.php中。ViewRenderer模擬了控制器的目錄分層。 




Example #10 禁用自動解析


對于某些動作和控制器，可能希望關閉自動解析――例如，如果想發送其他類型的輸出（XML,JSON等），或者更簡單的不想發送任何東西。有兩個選項：關閉所有的自動解析(setNeverRender())，或者僅僅關閉當前動作的自動解析(setNoRender())。 

// Baz controller class, bar module:class Bar_BazController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    public function fooAction()    {        // Don't auto render this action        $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setNoRender();    }}// Bat controller class, bar module:class Bar_BatController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    public function preDispatch()    {        // Never auto render this controller's actions        $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setNoRender();    }}

Note: 大多數情況下，全局的關閉自動解析(setNeverRender())沒有意義，因為這樣ViewRenderer做的唯一件事只是自動設置了視圖對象。 




Example #11 選擇另外的視圖腳本


有些情況下需要解析另一個腳本而非以動作命名的腳本。例如，如果你有一個控制器包含增加和編輯兩個動作，它們可能都顯示相同的'form'視圖，盡管擁有不同的值集合(value set)。只需要使用setScriptAction()或者setRender()簡單的改變腳本的名稱，或者以成員方法的形式調用助手，它將調用setRender()。 

// Bar controller class, foo module:class Foo_BarController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    public function addAction()    {        // Render 'bar/form.phtml' instead of 'bar/add.phtml'        $this->_helper->viewRenderer('form');    }    public function editAction()    {        // Render 'bar/form.phtml' instead of 'bar/edit.phtml'        $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setScriptAction('form');    }    public function processAction()    {        // do some validation...        if (!$valid) {            // Render 'bar/form.phtml' instead of 'bar/process.phtml'            $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setRender('form');            return;        }        // otherwise continue processing...    }}

Example #12 修改注冊的視圖Modifying the registered view


如果需要修改視圖對象怎么辦――例如改變助手路徑或者編碼？可以在控制器中修改視圖對象設定，或者從ViewRenderer中抓取視圖對象；兩種方式引用的是同一個對象。 

// Bar controller class, foo module:class Foo_BarController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    public function preDispatch()    {        // change view encoding        $this->view->setEncoding('UTF-8');    }    public function bazAction()    {        // Get view object and set escape callback to 'htmlspecialchars'        $view = $this->_helper->viewRenderer->view;        $view->setEscape('htmlspecialchars');    }}

 高級用法示例

Example #13 修改路徑規則


有些情況下，默認的路徑規則可能并不適合站點的需要。比如，希望擁有一個單獨的模板樹供設計人員訪問（例如，如果你使用? Smarty，這是很典型的情形）。這種情況下，你可能想硬編碼視圖的基路徑規則，為動作視圖腳本路徑自身創建一套規則。 


假定視圖的基路徑(base path)為'/opt/vendor/templates',希望通過':moduleDir/:controller/:action.:suffix'引用視圖腳本；如果設定了noController標志，想在頂級而不是在子目錄中解析(':action.:suffix')。最終希望使用'tpl'作為視圖腳本文件的后綴。 

/** * In your bootstrap: */// Different view implementation$view = new ZF_Smarty();$viewRenderer = new Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer($view);$viewRenderer->setViewBasePathSpec('/opt/vendor/templates')             ->setViewScriptPathSpec(':module/:controller/:action.:suffix')             ->setViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec(':action.:suffix')             ->setViewSuffix('tpl');Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::addHelper($viewRenderer);

 Example #14 一個動作中解析多個視圖腳本


有時可能需要在一個動作中解析多個視圖腳本。這個非常簡單，多次調用render()就行了： 

class SearchController extends Zend_Controller_Action{    public function resultsAction()    {        // Assume $this->model is the current model        $this->view->results =            $this->model->find($this->_getParam('query', '');        // render() by default proxies to the ViewRenderer        // Render first the search form and then the results        $this->render('form');        $this->render('results');    }    public function formAction()    {        // do nothing; ViewRenderer autorenders the view script    }} 

ViewRenderer的相關源碼如下，仔細分析，并不難看出實現方法：

<?php /** * @see Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_Abstract */require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action/Helper/Abstract.php';/** * @see Zend_View */require_once 'Zend/View.php';/** * View script integration * * Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer provides transparent view * integration for action controllers. It allows you to create a view object * once, and populate it throughout all actions. Several global options may be * set: * * - noController: if set true, render() will not look for view scripts in *   subdirectories named after the controller * - viewSuffix: what view script filename suffix to use * * The helper autoinitializes the action controller view preDispatch(). It * determines the path to the class file, and then determines the view base * directory from there. It also uses the module name as a class prefix for * helpers and views such that if your module name is 'Search', it will set the * helper class prefix to 'Search_View_Helper' and the filter class prefix to ; * 'Search_View_Filter'. * * Usage: * <code> * // In your bootstrap: * Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::addHelper(new Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer()); * * // In your action controller methods: * $viewHelper = $this->_helper->getHelper('view'); * * // Don't use controller subdirectories * $viewHelper->setNoController(true); * * // Specify a different script to render: * $this->_helper->viewRenderer('form'); * * </code> * * @uses       Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_Abstract * @package    Zend_Controller * @subpackage Zend_Controller_Action_Helper * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2005-2011 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license    http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd     New BSD License */class Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer extends Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_Abstract{    /**     * @var Zend_View_Interface     */    public $view;    /**     * Word delimiters     * @var array     */    protected $_delimiters;    /**     * @var Zend_Filter_Inflector     */    protected $_inflector;    /**     * Inflector target     * @var string     */    protected $_inflectorTarget = '';    /**     * Current module directory     * @var string     */    protected $_moduleDir = '';    /**     * Whether or not to autorender using controller name as subdirectory;     * global setting (not reset at next invocation)     * @var boolean     */    protected $_neverController = false;    /**     * Whether or not to autorender postDispatch; global setting (not reset at     * next invocation)     * @var boolean     */    protected $_neverRender     = false;    /**     * Whether or not to use a controller name as a subdirectory when rendering     * @var boolean     */    protected $_noController    = false;    /**     * Whether or not to autorender postDispatch; per controller/action setting (reset     * at next invocation)     * @var boolean     */    protected $_noRender        = false;    /**     * Characters representing path delimiters in the controller     * @var string|array     */    protected $_pathDelimiters;    /**     * Which named segment of the response to utilize     * @var string     */    protected $_responseSegment = null;    /**     * Which action view script to render     * @var string     */    protected $_scriptAction    = null;    /**     * View object basePath     * @var string     */    protected $_viewBasePathSpec = ':moduleDir/views';    /**     * View script path specification string     * @var string     */    protected $_viewScriptPathSpec = ':controller/:action.:suffix';    /**     * View script path specification string, minus controller segment     * @var string     */    protected $_viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec = ':action.:suffix';    /**     * View script suffix     * @var string     */    protected $_viewSuffix      = 'phtml';    /**     * Constructor     *     * Optionally set view object and options.     *     * @param  Zend_View_Interface $view     * @param  array               $options     * @return void     */    public function __construct(Zend_View_Interface $view = null, array $options = array())    {        if (null !== $view) {            $this->setView($view);        }        if (!empty($options)) {            $this->_setOptions($options);        }    }    /**     * Clone - also make sure the view is cloned.     *     * @return void     */    public function __clone()    {        if (isset($this->view) && $this->view instanceof Zend_View_Interface) {            $this->view = clone $this->view;        }    }    /**     * Set the view object     *     * @param  Zend_View_Interface $view     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setView(Zend_View_Interface $view)    {        $this->view = $view;        return $this;    }    /**     * Get current module name     *     * @return string     */    public function getModule()    {        $request = $this->getRequest();        $module  = $request->getModuleName();        if (null === $module) {            $module = $this->getFrontController()->getDispatcher()->getDefaultModule();        }        return $module;    }    /**     * Get module directory     *     * @throws Zend_Controller_Action_Exception     * @return string     */    public function getModuleDirectory()    {        $module    = $this->getModule();        $moduleDir = $this->getFrontController()->getControllerDirectory($module);        if ((null === $moduleDir) || is_array($moduleDir)) {            /**             * @see Zend_Controller_Action_Exception             */            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action/Exception.php';            throw new Zend_Controller_Action_Exception('ViewRenderer cannot locate module directory for module "' . $module . '"');        }        $this->_moduleDir = dirname($moduleDir);        return $this->_moduleDir;    }    /**     * Get inflector     *     * @return Zend_Filter_Inflector     */    public function getInflector()    {        if (null === $this->_inflector) {            /**             * @see Zend_Filter_Inflector             */            require_once 'Zend/Filter/Inflector.php';            /**             * @see Zend_Filter_PregReplace             */            require_once 'Zend/Filter/PregReplace.php';            /**             * @see Zend_Filter_Word_UnderscoreToSeparator             */            require_once 'Zend/Filter/Word/UnderscoreToSeparator.php';            $this->_inflector = new Zend_Filter_Inflector();            $this->_inflector->setStaticRuleReference('moduleDir', $this->_moduleDir) // moduleDir must be specified before the less specific 'module'                 ->addRules(array(                     ':module'     => array('Word_CamelCaseToDash', 'StringToLower'),                     ':controller' => array('Word_CamelCaseToDash', new Zend_Filter_Word_UnderscoreToSeparator('/'), 'StringToLower', new Zend_Filter_PregReplace('/./', '-')),                     ':action'     => array('Word_CamelCaseToDash', new Zend_Filter_PregReplace('#[^a-z0-9' . preg_quote('/', '#') . ']+#i', '-'), 'StringToLower'),                 ))                 ->setStaticRuleReference('suffix', $this->_viewSuffix)                 ->setTargetReference($this->_inflectorTarget);        }        // Ensure that module directory is current        $this->getModuleDirectory();        return $this->_inflector;    }    /**     * Set inflector     *     * @param  Zend_Filter_Inflector $inflector     * @param  boolean               $reference Whether the moduleDir, target, and suffix should be set as references to ViewRenderer properties     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setInflector(Zend_Filter_Inflector $inflector, $reference = false)    {        $this->_inflector = $inflector;        if ($reference) {            $this->_inflector->setStaticRuleReference('suffix', $this->_viewSuffix)                 ->setStaticRuleReference('moduleDir', $this->_moduleDir)                 ->setTargetReference($this->_inflectorTarget);        }        return $this;    }    /**     * Set inflector target     *     * @param  string $target     * @return void     */    protected function _setInflectorTarget($target)    {        $this->_inflectorTarget = (string) $target;    }    /**     * Set internal module directory representation     *     * @param  string $dir     * @return void     */    protected function _setModuleDir($dir)    {        $this->_moduleDir = (string) $dir;    }    /**     * Get internal module directory representation     *     * @return string     */    protected function _getModuleDir()    {        return $this->_moduleDir;    }    /**     * Generate a class prefix for helper and filter classes     *     * @return string     */    protected function _generateDefaultPrefix()    {        $default = 'Zend_View';        if (null === $this->_actionController) {            return $default;        }        $class = get_class($this->_actionController);        if (!strstr($class, '_')) {            return $default;        }        $module = $this->getModule();        if ('default' == $module) {            return $default;        }        $prefix = substr($class, 0, strpos($class, '_')) . '_View';        return $prefix;    }    /**     * Retrieve base path based on location of current action controller     *     * @return string     */    protected function _getBasePath()    {        if (null === $this->_actionController) {            return './views';        }        $inflector = $this->getInflector();        $this->_setInflectorTarget($this->getViewBasePathSpec());        $dispatcher = $this->getFrontController()->getDispatcher();        $request = $this->getRequest();        $parts = array(            'module'     => (($moduleName = $request->getModuleName()) != '') ? $dispatcher->formatModuleName($moduleName) : $moduleName,            'controller' => $request->getControllerName(),            'action'     => $dispatcher->formatActionName($request->getActionName())            );        $path = $inflector->filter($parts);        return $path;    }    /**     * Set options     *     * @param  array $options     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    protected function _setOptions(array $options)    {        foreach ($options as $key => $value)        {            switch ($key) {                case 'neverRender':                case 'neverController':                case 'noController':                case 'noRender':                    $property = '_' . $key;                    $this->{$property} = ($value) ? true : false;                    break;                case 'responseSegment':                case 'scriptAction':                case 'viewBasePathSpec':                case 'viewScriptPathSpec':                case 'viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec':                case 'viewSuffix':                    $property = '_' . $key;                    $this->{$property} = (string) $value;                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }        return $this;    }    /**     * Initialize the view object     *     * $options may contain the following keys:     * - neverRender - flag dis/enabling postDispatch() autorender (affects all subsequent calls)     * - noController - flag indicating whether or not to look for view scripts in subdirectories named after the controller     * - noRender - flag indicating whether or not to autorender postDispatch()     * - responseSegment - which named response segment to render a view script to     * - scriptAction - what action script to render     * - viewBasePathSpec - specification to use for determining view base path     * - viewScriptPathSpec - specification to use for determining view script paths     * - viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec - specification to use for determining view script paths when noController flag is set     * - viewSuffix - what view script filename suffix to use     *     * @param  string $path     * @param  string $prefix     * @param  array  $options     * @throws Zend_Controller_Action_Exception     * @return void     */    public function initView($path = null, $prefix = null, array $options = array())    {        if (null === $this->view) {            $this->setView(new Zend_View());        }        // Reset some flags every time        $options['noController'] = (isset($options['noController'])) ? $options['noController'] : false;        $options['noRender']     = (isset($options['noRender'])) ? $options['noRender'] : false;        $this->_scriptAction     = null;        $this->_responseSegment  = null;        // Set options first; may be used to determine other initializations        $this->_setOptions($options);        // Get base view path        if (empty($path)) {            $path = $this->_getBasePath();            if (empty($path)) {                /**                 * @see Zend_Controller_Action_Exception                 */                require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action/Exception.php';                throw new Zend_Controller_Action_Exception('ViewRenderer initialization failed: retrieved view base path is empty');            }        }        if (null === $prefix) {            $prefix = $this->_generateDefaultPrefix();        }        // Determine if this path has already been registered        $currentPaths = $this->view->getScriptPaths();        $path         = str_replace(array('/', ''), '/', $path);        $pathExists   = false;        foreach ($currentPaths as $tmpPath) {            $tmpPath = str_replace(array('/', ''), '/', $tmpPath);            if (strstr($tmpPath, $path)) {                $pathExists = true;                break;            }        }        if (!$pathExists) {            $this->view->addBasePath($path, $prefix);        }        // Register view with action controller (unless already registered)        if ((null !== $this->_actionController) && (null === $this->_actionController->view)) {            $this->_actionController->view       = $this->view;            $this->_actionController->viewSuffix = $this->_viewSuffix;        }    }    /**     * init - initialize view     *     * @return void     */    public function init()    {        if ($this->getFrontController()->getParam('noViewRenderer')) {            return;        }        $this->initView();    }    /**     * Set view basePath specification     *     * Specification can contain one or more of the following:     * - :moduleDir - current module directory     * - :controller - name of current controller in the request     * - :action - name of current action in the request     * - :module - name of current module in the request     *     * @param  string $path     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setViewBasePathSpec($path)    {        $this->_viewBasePathSpec = (string) $path;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve the current view basePath specification string     *     * @return string     */    public function getViewBasePathSpec()    {        return $this->_viewBasePathSpec;    }    /**     * Set view script path specification     *     * Specification can contain one or more of the following:     * - :moduleDir - current module directory     * - :controller - name of current controller in the request     * - :action - name of current action in the request     * - :module - name of current module in the request     *     * @param  string $path     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setViewScriptPathSpec($path)    {        $this->_viewScriptPathSpec = (string) $path;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve the current view script path specification string     *     * @return string     */    public function getViewScriptPathSpec()    {        return $this->_viewScriptPathSpec;    }    /**     * Set view script path specification (no controller variant)     *     * Specification can contain one or more of the following:     * - :moduleDir - current module directory     * - :controller - name of current controller in the request     * - :action - name of current action in the request     * - :module - name of current module in the request     *     * :controller will likely be ignored in this variant.     *     * @param  string $path     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec($path)    {        $this->_viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec = (string) $path;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve the current view script path specification string (no controller variant)     *     * @return string     */    public function getViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec()    {        return $this->_viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec;    }    /**     * Get a view script based on an action and/or other variables     *     * Uses values found in current request if no values passed in $vars.     *     * If {@link $_noController} is set, uses {@link $_viewScriptPathNoControllerSpec};     * otherwise, uses {@link $_viewScriptPathSpec}.     *     * @param  string $action     * @param  array  $vars     * @return string     */    public function getViewScript($action = null, array $vars = array())    {        $request = $this->getRequest();        if ((null === $action) && (!isset($vars['action']))) {            $action = $this->getScriptAction();            if (null === $action) {                $action = $request->getActionName();            }            $vars['action'] = $action;        } elseif (null !== $action) {            $vars['action'] = $action;        }                $replacePattern = array('/[^a-z0-9]+$/i', '/^[^a-z0-9]+/i');        $vars['action'] = preg_replace($replacePattern, '', $vars['action']);        $inflector = $this->getInflector();        if ($this->getNoController() || $this->getNeverController()) {            $this->_setInflectorTarget($this->getViewScriptPathNoControllerSpec());        } else {            $this->_setInflectorTarget($this->getViewScriptPathSpec());        }        return $this->_translateSpec($vars);    }    /**     * Set the neverRender flag (i.e., globally dis/enable autorendering)     *     * @param  boolean $flag     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setNeverRender($flag = true)    {        $this->_neverRender = ($flag) ? true : false;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve neverRender flag value     *     * @return boolean     */    public function getNeverRender()    {        return $this->_neverRender;    }    /**     * Set the noRender flag (i.e., whether or not to autorender)     *     * @param  boolean $flag     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setNoRender($flag = true)    {        $this->_noRender = ($flag) ? true : false;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve noRender flag value     *     * @return boolean     */    public function getNoRender()    {        return $this->_noRender;    }    /**     * Set the view script to use     *     * @param  string $name     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setScriptAction($name)    {        $this->_scriptAction = (string) $name;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve view script name     *     * @return string     */    public function getScriptAction()    {        return $this->_scriptAction;    }    /**     * Set the response segment name     *     * @param  string $name     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setResponseSegment($name)    {        if (null === $name) {            $this->_responseSegment = null;        } else {            $this->_responseSegment = (string) $name;        }        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve named response segment name     *     * @return string     */    public function getResponseSegment()    {        return $this->_responseSegment;    }    /**     * Set the noController flag (i.e., whether or not to render into controller subdirectories)     *     * @param  boolean $flag     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setNoController($flag = true)    {        $this->_noController = ($flag) ? true : false;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve noController flag value     *     * @return boolean     */    public function getNoController()    {        return $this->_noController;    }    /**     * Set the neverController flag (i.e., whether or not to render into controller subdirectories)     *     * @param  boolean $flag     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setNeverController($flag = true)    {        $this->_neverController = ($flag) ? true : false;        return $this;    }    /**     * Retrieve neverController flag value     *     * @return boolean     */    public function getNeverController()    {        return $this->_neverController;    }    /**     * Set view script suffix     *     * @param  string $suffix     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setViewSuffix($suffix)    {        $this->_viewSuffix = (string) $suffix;        return $this;    }    /**     * Get view script suffix     *     * @return string     */    public function getViewSuffix()    {        return $this->_viewSuffix;    }    /**     * Set options for rendering a view script     *     * @param  string  $action       View script to render     * @param  string  $name         Response named segment to render to     * @param  boolean $noController Whether or not to render within a subdirectory named after the controller     * @return Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer Provides a fluent interface     */    public function setRender($action = null, $name = null, $noController = null)    {        if (null !== $action) {            $this->setScriptAction($action);        }        if (null !== $name) {            $this->setResponseSegment($name);        }        if (null !== $noController) {            $this->setNoController($noController);        }        return $this;    }    /**     * Inflect based on provided vars     *     * Allowed variables are:     * - :moduleDir - current module directory     * - :module - current module name     * - :controller - current controller name     * - :action - current action name     * - :suffix - view script file suffix     *     * @param  array $vars     * @return string     */    protected function _translateSpec(array $vars = array())    {        $inflector  = $this->getInflector();        $request    = $this->getRequest();        $dispatcher = $this->getFrontController()->getDispatcher();        $module     = $dispatcher->formatModuleName($request->getModuleName());        $controller = $request->getControllerName();        $action     = $dispatcher->formatActionName($request->getActionName());        $params     = compact('module', 'controller', 'action');        foreach ($vars as $key => $value) {            switch ($key) {                case 'module':                case 'controller':                case 'action':                case 'moduleDir':                case 'suffix':                    $params[$key] = (string) $value;                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }        if (isset($params['suffix'])) {            $origSuffix = $this->getViewSuffix();            $this->setViewSuffix($params['suffix']);        }        if (isset($params['moduleDir'])) {            $origModuleDir = $this->_getModuleDir();            $this->_setModuleDir($params['moduleDir']);        }        $filtered = $inflector->filter($params);        if (isset($params['suffix'])) {            $this->setViewSuffix($origSuffix);        }        if (isset($params['moduleDir'])) {            $this->_setModuleDir($origModuleDir);        }        return $filtered;    }    /**     * Render a view script (optionally to a named response segment)     *     * Sets the noRender flag to true when called.     *     * @param  string $script     * @param  string $name     * @return void     */    public function renderScript($script, $name = null)    {        if (null === $name) {            $name = $this->getResponseSegment();        }        $this->getResponse()->appendBody(            $this->view->render($script),            $name        );        $this->setNoRender();    }    /**     * Render a view based on path specifications     *     * Renders a view based on the view script path specifications.     *     * @param  string  $action     * @param  string  $name     * @param  boolean $noController     * @return void     */    public function render($action = null, $name = null, $noController = null)    {        $this->setRender($action, $name, $noController);        $path = $this->getViewScript();        $this->renderScript($path, $name);    }    /**     * Render a script based on specification variables     *     * Pass an action, and one or more specification variables (view script suffix)     * to determine the view script path, and render that script.     *     * @param  string $action     * @param  array  $vars     * @param  string $name     * @return void     */    public function renderBySpec($action = null, array $vars = array(), $name = null)    {        if (null !== $name) {            $this->setResponseSegment($name);        }        $path = $this->getViewScript($action, $vars);        $this->renderScript($path);    }    /**     * postDispatch - auto render a view     *     * Only autorenders if:     * - _noRender is false     * - action controller is present     * - request has not been re-dispatched (i.e., _forward() has not been called)     * - response is not a redirect     *     * @return void     */    public function postDispatch()    {        if ($this->_shouldRender()) {            $this->render();        }    }    /**     * Should the ViewRenderer render a view script?     *     * @return boolean     */    protected function _shouldRender()    {        return (!$this->getFrontController()->getParam('noViewRenderer')            && !$this->_neverRender            && !$this->_noRender            && (null !== $this->_actionController)            && $this->getRequest()->isDispatched()            && !$this->getResponse()->isRedirect()        );    }    /**     * Use this helper as a method; proxies to setRender()     *     * @param  string  $action     * @param  string  $name     * @param  boolean $noController     * @return void     */    public function direct($action = null, $name = null, $noController = null)    {        $this->setRender($action, $name, $noController);    }}