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centos6.5配置samba

來源：程序員人生發布時間：2014-12-07 10:13:57 閱讀次數：4277次

1
Samba簡介

　　Samba是1個能讓Linux系統利用Microsoft網絡通訊協議的軟件，而SMB是Server Message Block的縮寫，即為服務器消息塊，SMB主要是作為Microsoft的網絡通訊協議，后來Samba將SMB通訊協議利用到了Linux系統上，就構成了現在的Samba軟件。后來微軟又把 SMB 改名為 CIFS（Common Internet File System），即公共 Internet 文件系統，并且加入了許多新的功能，這樣1來，使得Samba具有了更強大的功能。

　　Samba最大的功能就是可以用于Linux與windows系統直接的文件同享和打印同享，Samba既可以用于windows與Linux之間的文件同享，也能夠用于Linux與Linux之間的資源同享，由于NFS(網絡文件系統）可以很好的完成Linux與Linux之間的數據同享，因此 Samba較多的用在了Linux與windows之間的數據同享上面。

　　SMB是基于客戶機/服務器型的協議，因此1臺Samba服務器既可以充當文件同享服務器，也能夠充當1個Samba的客戶端，例如，1臺在Linux 下已架設好的Samba服務器，windows客戶端就能夠通過SMB協議同享Samba服務器上的資源文件，同時，Samba服務器也能夠訪問網絡中其它windows系統或Linux系統同享出來的文件。
Samba在windows下使用的是NetBIOS協議，如果你要使用Linux下同享出來的文件，請確認你的windows系統下是不是安裝了NetBIOS協議。

　　組成Samba運行的有兩個服務，1個是SMB，另外一個是NMB；SMB是Samba 的核心啟動服務，主要負責建立 Linux Samba服務器與Samba客戶機之間的對話，驗證用戶身份并提供對文件和打印系統的訪問，只有SMB服務啟動，才能實現文件的同享，監聽139 TCP端口；而NMB服務是負責解析用的，類似與DNS實現的功能，NMB可以把Linux系統同享的工作組名稱與其IP對應起來，如果NMB服務沒有啟動，就只能通過IP來訪問同享文件，監聽137和138 UDP端口。

　　Samba服務器可實現以下功能：WINS和DNS服務；網絡閱讀服務； Linux和Windows域之間的認證和授權； UNICODE字符集和域名映照；滿足CIFS協議的UNIX同享等。

2
按下面的要求實做1個
通過 SMB 同享 /share 目錄
您的 SMB 服務器必須是 WORKGROUP 工作組的1個成員，同享名必須為 public。
用戶 zxw 能夠讀取同享中的內容。

基本上首先是安裝、配置Samba同享目錄；第2是使用zxw用戶能夠訪問同享盤；第3是防火墻和se要配置為能夠訪問Samba同享。

3
沒看出來samba裝沒裝
[root@beiigang ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i samba
samba-winbind-clients⑶.6.9⑴64.el6.x86_64
samba-client⑶.6.9⑴64.el6.x86_64
samba4-libs⑷.0.0⑸8.el6.rc4.x86_64
samba-winbind⑶.6.9⑴64.el6.x86_64
samba-common⑶.6.9⑴64.el6.x86_64

有配置文件等
[root@beiigang ~]# find / -name samba
/etc/samba
/etc/sysconfig/samba
/usr/lib64/samba
/var/log/samba
/var/lib/samba
[root@beiigang ~]#
到底裝沒裝

裝完后以下，看來是先前沒裝
[root@beiigang ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i samba
samba-common⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba4-libs⑷.0.0⑸8.el6.rc4.x86_64
samba-winbind⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba-winbind-clients⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba-client⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64

4
不管裝沒裝，先刪
[root@beiigang ~]# yum remove samba
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Remove Process
No Match for argument: samba
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
Package(s) samba available, but not installed.
No Packages marked for removal

5
安裝

[root@beiigang ~]# yum search samba
查1下相干包

[root@beiigang ~]# yum -y install samba
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package samba.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6 will be installed
。。。
Installed:
samba.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6

Dependency Updated:
libsmbclient.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6       samba-client.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6               samba-common.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6
samba-winbind.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6      samba-winbind-clients.x86_64 0:3.6.23⑴2.el6

Complete!

6
裝完后以下，多了個samba⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
[root@beiigang ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i samba
samba-common⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba4-libs⑷.0.0⑸8.el6.rc4.x86_64
samba-winbind⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba-winbind-clients⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64
samba-client⑶.6.23⑴2.el6.x86_64

7
查詢啟動方式
[root@beiigang ~]# rpm -ql samba | grep '/etc'
/etc/logrotate.d/samba
/etc/openldap/schema
/etc/openldap/schema/samba.schema
/etc/pam.d/samba
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nmb
/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb
/etc/samba/smbusers

[root@beiigang ~]# /etc/init.d/smb start
Starting SMB services:                                     [ OK ]
[root@beiigang ~]# service nmb start
Starting NMB services:                                     [ OK ]

設置開機自啟動
chkconfig --level | grep smb
chkconfig --level 35 smb on
chkconfig --level 35 nmb on
chkconfig --level | grep smb

查看端口
[root@beiigang ~]# netstat -tunpl | grep '[sn]mb'
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:139                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2071/smbd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:445                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2071/smbd
tcp        0      0 :::139                      :::*                        LISTEN      2071/smbd
tcp        0      0 :::445                      :::*                        LISTEN      2071/smbd
udp        0      0 192.168.18.255:137          0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd
udp        0      0 192.168.18.99:137           0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:137                 0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd
udp        0      0 192.168.18.255:138          0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd
udp        0      0 192.168.18.99:138           0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:138                 0.0.0.0:*                               21924/nmbd

8
查看samba的配置文件
[root@beiigang ~]# rpm -qc samba samba-common
/etc/logrotate.d/samba
/etc/pam.d/samba
/etc/samba/smbusers
/etc/samba/lmhosts
/etc/samba/smb.conf
/etc/sysconfig/samba
[root@beiigang ~]#

9
配置
[root@beiigang ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
        workgroup = WORKGROUP
        server string = Samba Server Version %v
        public = yes

        netbios name = ZXWSamba
        lanman auth = yes
        client lanman auth = yes


        security = share

        [public]
        comment = Public Stuff
        path = /share
        public = yes
        writable = yes

10
[root@beiigang ~]# /etc/init.d/smb restart
Shutting down SMB services:                                [ OK ]
Starting SMB services:                                     [ OK ]

[root@beiigang ~]# service nmb status
nmbd is stopped
[root@beiigang ~]# service nmb stop
Shutting down NMB services:                                [FAILED]
[root@beiigang ~]# service nmb start
Starting NMB services:                                     [ OK ]
[root@beiigang ~]# service nmb stop
Shutting down NMB services:                                [ OK ]

11
測試
[root@beiigang ~]# testparm
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)
Processing section "[homes]"
Processing section "[printers]"
Processing section "[public]"
Loaded services file OK.
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE
Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions

[global]
        netbios name = ZXWSAMBA
        server string = Samba Server Version %v
        lanman auth = Yes
        log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
        max log size = 50
        idmap config * : backend = tdb
        guest ok = Yes
        cups options = raw

[homes]
        comment = Home Directories
        read only = No

[printers]
        comment = All Printers
        path = /var/spool/samba
        guest ok = No
        printable = Yes
        print ok = Yes
        browseable = No

[public]
        comment = Public Stuff
        path = /share
        read only = No

12
[root@beiigang ~]# mkdir /share
[root@beiigang ~]# cd /share/
[root@beiigang share]# touch sambatest.txt
[root@beiigang share]# chown -R nobody:nobody /share/
[root@beiigang share]# chmod -R 777 /share/
[root@beiigang share]# ll
total 0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 nobody nobody 0 Dec 2 17:34 sambatest.txt

13
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient //192.168.18.99/public
WARNING: The security=share option is deprecated
Enter root's password:
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]
Server not using user level security and no password supplied.
Server requested LANMAN password (share-level security) but 'client lanman auth = no' or 'client ntlmv2 auth = yes'
tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED
[root@beiigang share]#

14
查看狀態
[root@beiigang share]# smbstatus

Samba version 3.6.23⑴2.el6
PID     Username      Group         Machine
-------------------------------------------------------------------
<processes do not show up in anonymous mode>

Service      pid     machine       Connected at
-------------------------------------------------------
public       2399   test-pc       Tue Dec 2 17:05:09 2014
IPC$         2399   test-pc       Tue Dec 2 17:00:56 2014

Locked files:
Pid          Uid        DenyMode   Access      R/W        Oplock           SharePath   Name   Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2399         99         DENY_NONE 0x100081    RDONLY     NONE             /home/share   .   Tue Dec 2 17:10:20 2014

15
[root@beiigang ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
             security = user

[root@beiigang share]# service smb restart
Shutting down SMB services:                                [ OK ]
Starting SMB services:                                     [ OK ]
[root@beiigang share]# service nmb restart
Shutting down NMB services:                                [ OK ]
Starting NMB services:                                     [ OK ]

16
[root@beiigang share]# smbstatus

Samba version 3.6.23⑴2.el6
PID     Username      Group         Machine
-------------------------------------------------------------------
2142      zxw           zxw           test-pc      (192.168.18.101)

Service      pid     machine       Connected at
-------------------------------------------------------
zxw          2142   test-pc       Wed Dec 3 10:20:52 2014
zxw          2142   test-pc       Wed Dec 3 10:20:52 2014
public       2142   test-pc       Wed Dec 3 10:20:52 2014
IPC$         2142   test-pc       Wed Dec 3 10:20:52 2014

No locked files
看來是可以了

17
列出smb服務同享目錄
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient -L 192.168.18.99
Enter root's password:
session setup failed: NT_STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE
這是由于登陸的用戶沒有成為samba服務的用戶

[root@beiigang share]# smbpasswd -a zxw
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user zxw.

18
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient -L 192.168.18.99 -U zxw
Enter zxw's password:
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]

        Sharename       Type      Comment
        ---------       ----      -------
        homes           Disk      Home Directories
        public          Disk      Public Stuff
        IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba Server Version 3.6.23⑴2.el6)
        zxw             Disk      Home Directories
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]

        Server               Comment
        ---------            -------
        ZXWSAMBA             Samba Server Version 3.6.23⑴2.el6

        Workgroup            Master
        ---------            -------
        WORKGROUP

19
連接測試，連接成功，但看不了
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient //192.168.18.99/public -U zxw
Enter zxw's password:
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]
smb: > dir
NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED listing *
smb: > ls
NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED listing *
smb: >

20
se的問題，關掉ok
[root@beiigang share]# setenforce 0
[root@beiigang share]# getenforce
Permissive
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient //192.168.18.99/public -U zxw
Enter zxw's password:
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]
smb: > ls
.                                   D        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014
..                                 DR        0 Wed Dec 3 09:20:49 2014
sambatest.txt                       A        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014

                55119 blocks of size 131072. 25361 blocks available
smb: >

21
windows上看

22
查看、修改se設置
[root@beiigang share]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@beiigang share]# getsebool -a | grep samba
samba_create_home_dirs --> off
samba_domain_controller --> off
samba_enable_home_dirs --> off
samba_export_all_ro --> off
samba_export_all_rw --> off
samba_portmapper --> off
samba_run_unconfined --> off
samba_share_fusefs --> off
samba_share_nfs --> off
sanlock_use_samba --> off
use_samba_home_dirs --> off
virt_use_samba --> off

[root@beiigang share]# setenforce 1
[root@beiigang share]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@beiigang share]#
[root@beiigang share]# setsebool samba_export_all_ro 1
[root@beiigang share]# setsebool samba_export_all_rw 1

23
測試ok
[root@beiigang share]# smbclient //192.168.18.99/public -U zxw
Enter zxw's password:
Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.6.23⑴2.el6]
smb: > ls
.                                   D        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014
..                                 DR        0 Wed Dec 3 09:20:49 2014
sambatest.txt                       A        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014

                55119 blocks of size 131072. 25361 blocks available
smb: > dir
.                                   D        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014
..                                 DR        0 Wed Dec 3 09:20:49 2014
sambatest.txt                       A        0 Tue Dec 2 17:34:59 2014

                55119 blocks of size 131072. 25361 blocks available
smb: >

24
windows上看