//Blizzard利用程序 //C++頭文件-Blizzard.h #pragma once //-------------------------------------- //包括文件 //-------------------------------------- #include <Windows.h> #include <time.h> #include <tchar.h> #include "resource.h" #include "GameEngine.h" //-------------------------------------- //全局變量 //-------------------------------------- GameEngine * g_pGame = NULL; //每個基于游戲引擎的游戲都需要1個全局游戲引擎指針

//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}} // Microsoft Visual C++ 生成的包括文件。 // 供 GameEngine.rc 使用 // #define IDS_APP_TITLE 101 #define IDC_BIZZARD 102 #define IDI_BLIZZARD 1000 #define IDI_BLIZZARD_SM 1001 // Next default values for new objects // #ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED #ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS #define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE 103 #define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE 40001 #define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE 1001 #define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE 101 #endif #endif

//-------------------------------------- //Blizzard利用程序 //C++源程序 - - Blizzard.cpp //-------------------------------------- //-------------------------------------- //包括文件 //-------------------------------------- #include "Blizzard.h" //-------------------------------------- //游戲引擎函數 //-------------------------------------- BOOL GameInitialize(HINSTANCE hInstance) { //創建游戲引擎 g_pGame = new GameEngine(hInstance, TEXT("Blizzard"), TEXT("Blizzard"), IDI_BLIZZARD, IDI_BLIZZARD_SM); if (NULL == g_pGame) { return FALSE; } //設置幀頻 g_pGame->SetFrameRate(10000); //15幀每秒，這里沒必要使用默許的（20幀每秒） return TRUE; } void GameStart(HWND hWindow) { //生成隨機生成器種子 srand((unsigned int)GetTickCount()); //如果游戲需要調用標準的rand（）函數來生成隨機數字，那末總是應當調用Srand（）函數來指定隨機數字生成器種子 } void GameEnd() { //清算游戲 delete g_pGame; } void GameActivate(HWND hWindow) { HDC hdc; RECT rect; //在游戲屏幕上繪制文本 GetClientRect(hWindow, &rect); hdc = GetDC(hWindow); DrawText(hdc, TEXT("Here comes the blizzard!"), ⑴, &rect, DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER); ReleaseDC(hWindow, hdc); } void GameDeactivate(HWND hWindow) { HDC hdc; RECT rect; //在屏幕上繪制停用文本 GetClientRect(hWindow, &rect); hdc = GetDC(hWindow); DrawText(hdc, TEXT("The blizzard has passed."), ⑴, &rect, DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER); ReleaseDC(hWindow, hdc); } void GamePaint(HDC hdc) { //在這個例子中沒有必要調用這個重繪函數，由于所有的繪制工作都在GameCycle()函數當中就完成了，不過這類情況較為少見 } void GameCycle() { HDC hdc; HWND hWindow = g_pGame->GetWindow(); //在游戲屏幕上隨機隨機位置繪制雪花圖標 hdc = GetDC(hWindow); DrawIcon(hdc, rand() % (g_pGame->GetWidth()), rand() % (g_pGame->GetHeight()), (HICON)(WORD)GetClassLong(hWindow, GCL_HICON)); ReleaseDC(hWindow, hdc); }

#pragma once //所要包括的文件 #include <windows.h> #define MAX_LOADSTRING 32 //windows函數聲明 int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); // //游戲引擎函數的聲明 //這些函數的特定實現是游戲獨有的，必須由使用該游戲引擎的各個游戲提供 BOOL GameInitialize(HINSTANCE hInstance); void GameStart(HWND hWindow); void GameEnd(); void GameActivate(HWND hWindow); void GameDeactivate(HWND hWindow); void GamePaint(HDC hdc); void GameCycle(); // //GameEngine // class GameEngine { protected: //成員變量 static GameEngine * m_pGameEngine; HINSTANCE m_hInstance; HWND m_hWindow; TCHAR m_szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; TCHAR m_szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; WORD m_wIcon, m_wSmallIcon; int m_iWidth, m_iHeight; int m_iFrameDelay; BOOL m_bSleep; public: //構造函數/析構函數 GameEngine(HINSTANCE hInstance, LPTSTR szWindowClass, LPTSTR szTitle, WORD wIcon, WORD wSmallIcon, int iWidth = 640, int iHeight = 480); virtual ~GameEngine(); //常規方法 static GameEngine * GetEngine(){ return m_pGameEngine; }; BOOL Initialize(int nCmdShow); LRESULT HandleEvent(HWND hWindow, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); //訪問方法 HINSTANCE GetInstance(){ return m_hInstance; }; HWND GetWindow(){ return m_hWindow; }; void SetWindow(HWND hWindow){ m_hWindow = hWindow; }; LPTSTR GetTitle(){ return m_szTitle; }; WORD GetIcon(){ return m_wIcon; }; WORD GetSmallIcon(){ return m_wSmallIcon; }; int GetWidth(){ return m_iWidth; }; int GetHeight(){ return m_iHeight; }; int GetFrameDelay(){ return m_iFrameDelay; }; void SetFrameRate(int iFrameRate){ m_iFrameDelay = 1000 / iFrameRate; }; BOOL GetSleep(){ return m_bSleep; }; void SetSleep(BOOL bSleep){ m_bSleep = bSleep; }; };

#include "GameEngine.h" GameEngine * GameEngine::m_pGameEngine = NULL; int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { MSG msg; static int iTickTrigger = 0; int iTickCount; if (GameInitialize(hInstance)) { //初始化游戲引擎 if (!GameEngine::GetEngine()->Initialize(nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } //進入主消息循環 while (TRUE) { if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { //處理消息 if (WM_QUIT == msg.message) { break; } TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } else { if (!GameEngine::GetEngine()->GetSleep()) { //檢查滴答計數，看看是不是過了1個周期 iTickCount = GetTickCount(); if (iTickCount - iTickTrigger) { iTickTrigger = iTickCount + GameEngine::GetEngine()->GetFrameDelay(); GameCycle(); } } } } return (int)msg.wParam; } GameEnd(); return TRUE; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWindow, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { //將所有的Windows消息都傳遞給游戲引擎 return GameEngine::GetEngine()->HandleEvent(hWindow, msg, wParam, lParam); } // //GameEngine的構造函數/析構函數 // GameEngine::GameEngine(HINSTANCE hInstance, LPTSTR szWindowClass, LPTSTR szTitle, WORD wIcon, WORD wSmallIcon, int iWidth, int iHeight) { //設置游戲引擎的成員變量 m_pGameEngine = this; m_hInstance = hInstance; m_hWindow = NULL; if (lstrlen(szWindowClass) > 0) { lstrcpy(m_szWindowClass, szWindowClass); } if (lstrlen(szTitle) > 0) { lstrcpy(m_szTitle, szTitle); } m_wIcon = wIcon; m_wSmallIcon = wSmallIcon; m_iHeight = iHeight; m_iWidth = iWidth; m_iFrameDelay = 20; //默許為20幀每秒 m_bSleep = TRUE; } //析構函數 GameEngine::~GameEngine() {} int GameEngine::Initialize(int nCmdShow) { //注冊窗口類 WNDCLASSEX wndclass; wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = m_hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(m_hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(GetIcon())); wndclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(m_hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(GetSmallIcon())); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = m_szWindowClass; if (!RegisterClassEx(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(m_hWindow, L"注冊窗口失敗！", L"正告", MB_OK); return FALSE; } //根據游戲的大小計算窗口大小和位置 int iWindowWidth = m_iWidth + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFIXEDFRAME) * 2; int iWindowHeight = m_iHeight + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFIXEDFRAME) * 2 + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYCAPTION); if (wndclass.lpszMenuName != NULL) { iWindowHeight += GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYMENU); } int iXWindowPos = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN) - iWindowWidth) / 2; int iYWindowPos = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN) - iWindowHeight) / 2; //創建窗口 m_hWindow = CreateWindowEx(NULL, m_szWindowClass, m_szTitle, WS_POPUPWINDOW | WS_CAPTION | WS_MINIMIZEBOX, iXWindowPos, iYWindowPos, iWindowWidth, iWindowHeight, NULL, NULL, m_hInstance, NULL); if (!m_hWindow) { MessageBox(m_hWindow, L"創建窗口失敗！", L"正告", MB_OK); return FALSE; } //更新和顯示窗口 ShowWindow(m_hWindow,nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(m_hWindow); return TRUE; } LRESULT GameEngine::HandleEvent(HWND hWindow, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { //將Windows消息傳遞給游戲引擎的成員函數 switch (msg) { case WM_CREATE: //設置游戲窗口并開始游戲 SetWindow(hWindow); GameStart(hWindow); break; case WM_SETFOCUS: //激活游戲并更新休眠狀態 GameActivate(hWindow); SetSleep(FALSE); break; case WM_KILLFOCUS: GameDeactivate(hWindow); SetSleep(TRUE); break; case WM_PAINT: PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; hdc = BeginPaint(hWindow, &ps); //繪制游戲 GamePaint(hdc); EndPaint(hWindow, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: //結束游戲并退出利用程序 GameEnd(); PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: break; } return DefWindowProc(hWindow, msg, wParam, lParam); }