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MongoDB 3.0（1）：CentOS7 安裝MongoDB 3.0服務

來源：程序員人生發布時間：2015-09-17 08:06:21 閱讀次數：3849次

本文原文連接: http://blog.csdn.net/freewebsys/article/details/45368809 轉載請注明出處！

1，下載&安裝

MongoDB 3.0 正式版本發布!這標志著 MongoDB 數據庫進入了1個全新的發展階段，提供強大、靈活而且易于管理的數據庫管理系統。MongoDB宣稱，3.0新版本不只提升7到10倍的寫入效力和增加80%的數據緊縮率，還能減少95%的運維本錢。
　　MongoDB 3.0主要新特性包括：
　　?可插入式的存儲引擎 API
　　?支持 WiredTiger 存儲引擎
　　?MMAPv1 提升
　　?復制集全面提升
　　?集群方面的改進
　　?提升了安全性
　　?工具的提升
WiredTiger 存儲引擎是1項難以置信的技術實現，提供無門閂、非梗塞算法來利用先進的硬件平臺(如大容量芯片緩存和線程化架構)來提升性能。通過 WiredTiger，MongoDB 3.0 實現了文檔級別的并發控制，因此大幅提升了大并發下的寫負載。

MongoDB 提供了centos yum安裝方式。
參考：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-red-hat/
pdf 手冊：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/MongoDB-manual.pdf

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org⑶.0.repo

[mongodb-org⑶.0]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=http://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.0/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

安裝mongodb

yum install -y mongodb-org

安裝了所有相干服務。

......
Running transaction
  Installing : mongodb-org-shell-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64      1/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-tools-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64      2/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-mongos-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     3/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-server-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     4/5 
  Installing : mongodb-org-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64            5/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64           1/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-server-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64    2/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-mongos-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64    3/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-tools-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     4/5 
  Verifying  : mongodb-org-shell-3.0.2-1.el7.x86_64     5/5

配置文件在：/etc/mongod.conf
數據文件在：/var/lib/mongo
日志文件在：/var/log/mongodb
mongodb服務使用

#啟動
service mongod start
#停止
service mongod stop
#重啟
service mongod restart
#增加開機啟動
chkconfig mongod on

2，MongoDB CRUD

參考：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/crud-introduction/

連接到MongoDB，很簡單，履行mongo就能夠了。

# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.2
connecting to: test
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
For interactive help, type "help".
For more comprehensive documentation, see
        http://docs.mongodb.org/
Questions? Try the support group
        http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user
Server has startup warnings: 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Readahead for /var/lib/mongo is set to 4096KB
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          We suggest setting it to 256KB (512 sectors) or less
2015-04-29T18:03:17.544+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/readahead
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 4096 processes, 64000 files. Number of processes should be at least 32000 : 0.5 times number of files.
2015-04-29T18:03:17.679+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
>

2.1，創建數據：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/insert-documents/
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/db.collection.insert/

> db.users.insert(
... {
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:1,
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:1,
... name:"zhang san",
... age:26,
... city:"bei jing"
... }
... )
WriteResult({
        "nInserted" : 0,
        "writeError" : {
                "code" : 11000,
                "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error index: test.users.$_id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }"
        }
})
> db.users.insert(
... {
... _id:2,
... name:"li si",
... age:28,
... city:"shang hai"
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

數據可以沒有主鍵_id，如果沒有，會自動生成1個。如果設置了_id主鍵，就必須不重復。
否則報主鍵沖突：“E11000 duplicate key error index: test.users.$_id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }”

2.2，更新數據：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/modify-documents/

> db.users.update(
... {_id:2},
... {
... $set: {
... city:"guang zhou"
... }
... }
... )
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.users.update(
... {_id:3},
... {
... $set: {
... city:"si chuan"
... }
... },
... { upsert: true }
... )
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 0, "_id" : 3 })

更新使用update，如果增加{ upsert: true }，則表示沒有查詢到數據直接插入。

2.3，刪除：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/remove-documents/

> db.users.remove({_id:3})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.users.remove({_id:4})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 0 })

查詢到數據才進行刪除，并且返回刪除數量。

2.4，查詢：

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/query-documents/

> db.users.find({age:{ $gt: 26}})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }
> db.users.find({age:{ $gt: 25}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5540adf29b0f52a6786de216"), "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }
#查詢全部數據
> db.users.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5540adf29b0f52a6786de216"), "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhang san", "age" : 26, "city" : "bei jing" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li si", "age" : 28, "city" : "guang zhou" }

2.5，更多方法

db.collection.aggregate()
db.collection.count()
db.collection.copyTo()
db.collection.createIndex()
db.collection.getIndexStats()
db.collection.indexStats()
db.collection.dataSize()
db.collection.distinct()
db.collection.drop()
db.collection.dropIndex()
db.collection.dropIndexes()
db.collection.ensureIndex()
db.collection.explain()
db.collection.find()
db.collection.findAndModify()
db.collection.findOne()
db.collection.getIndexes()
db.collection.getShardDistribution()
db.collection.getShardVersion()
db.collection.group()
db.collection.insert()
db.collection.isCapped()
db.collection.mapReduce()
db.collection.reIndex()
db.collection.remove()
db.collection.renameCollection()
db.collection.save()
db.collection.stats()
db.collection.storageSize()
db.collection.totalSize()
db.collection.totalIndexSize()
db.collection.update()
db.collection.validate()

3，MongoDB可視化工具

http://www.robomongo.org/

使用可視化工具，方便使用MongoDB管理。
首先要修改下端口和ip
vi /etc/mongod.conf

port=27017

dbpath=/var/lib/mongo

# location of pidfile
pidfilepath=/var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid

# Listen to local interface only. Comment out to listen on all interfaces.
bind_ip=192.168.1.36

然后重啟MongoDB

service mongod restart

接下來就能夠創建1個mongodb連接：

連接成功以后效果：